The Effect of School Discipline on Offending across Time

This article below is just released about the relationship between school suspension and future crime.

Punishment should be looked at as a measure of behavior and not the cause of behavior.

For example a school suspension should be looked at as a measure of previous behavior and not a cause of future behavior.

www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07418825.2019.1625428

See also:

https://mobile.edweek.org/c.jsp?cid=25920011&item=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.edweek.org%2Fv1%2Fblog%2F65%2Findex.html%3Fuuid%3D79373