Tag: Statistics

Professionalism and performance – police leadership for the future | College of Policing

Executive summary
The police leadership commission has undertaken the most comprehensive examination of police leadership in England and Wales in a generation. The independent commission was set up by the College of Policing with the support of the Home Office in October 2025.

Bringing together expertise from across policing, the private sector, academia, the military and politics, we have heard from thousands of officers, staff and members of the public through our force visits, call for evidence, survey work, roundtables and focus groups. Our work has covered the entirety of the policing workforce, including officers, staff and volunteers working at all levels.

We have seen outstanding examples of leadership and delivery across policing, often in the most challenging circumstances.

— Read on www.college.police.uk/police-leadership-commission/police-leadership-commission-report

Get the full PDF report HERE

2009–2025Contact Cards in Cincinnati A Review of Racial Bias in Police Stops,

Twenty-five years after the killing of Timothy Thomas sparked a citywide reckoning with police accountability in Cincinnati, a new Campaign Zero analysis reveals that racially biased policing has not only persisted — it has deepened. Drawing on over 472,000 police contact cards filed between 2009 and 2025, our report Contact Cards in Cincinnati documents what the data makes undeniable: Cincinnati Police officers stopped Black people 3.4 times more often than White people in 2025, searched them at twice the rate, and were nearly twice as likely to use force against them once stopped. These disparities exist across every neighborhood, every stop type, and every outcome measured — and they are getting worse, not better.

Website HERE

Copy of the report HERE

Assessing “Reasonable” Police Uses of Force After Barnes v. Felix: How Time Framing Affects Public Perceptions – Scott M. Mourtgos, Ian T. Adams, Kyle McLean, Seth Stoughton, Geoffrey P. Alpert, 2026

Note at the time of this posting the article was available “open access”.

Assessing “Reasonable” Police Uses of Force After Barnes v. Felix: How Time Framing Affects Public Perceptions
— Read on journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/10986111261462411

Contact Cards in Cincinnati – A Review of Racial Bias in Police Stops, 2009–2025

The analysis shows that in 2025:

● Cincinnati Police officers stopped Black people 3.4x more often than White people.

● Black pedestrians were stopped 5.4x more often than White pedestrians.

● Black people were stopped in vehicles 3.2x more often than White people.

The Cincinnati Police Department’s data shows that each step in the process – from where and when police stopped people, to who got stopped, searched, subjected to use of force, and arrested – was racially biased against Black people.

Cincinnati Police Department data from 2009–2025 shows:

● Once stopped by Cincinnati Police officers, Black people are:

2.1x more likely to be searched than White people.

1.9x more likely to have force used against them than White people.

1.8x more likely to be arrested than White people.

● In majority White neighborhoods, Black pedestrians are stopped by Cincinnati Police 4.5x more often than White people, and Black motorists experience discretionary traffic stops 5.5x more often than White motorists.

● The more White the neighborhood, the more likely it is for a Black person to be stopped there. Crime rates do not explain this trend.

Get a PDF of the report HERE

Check out a local news report on the reaction of government and the police union. HERE

Review of Akron Police – Department’s Use-of-Force Policies and Practices

Overview

Since 2019, Akron Police Department (APD) officers have been involved in seven fatal 1 and seven nonfatal 2 shootings. In response to these incidents, the City of Akron issued a Request for Proposals (RFP) seeking an independent review of APD’s use of force (UOF) policies and procedures. After a competitive selection process, the City awarded the contract to the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF).

Get a PDF copy of the report HERE

Borough Contrast: Prosecution and Court Outcomes Across New York City, 2021-2024

“Borough Contrast: Prosecution and Court Outcomes Across New York City, 2021-2024,” analyzes how criminal legal outcomes vary across the five boroughs during the post-pandemic period (pp. 1, 4).

Below are the key highlights and trends identified in the study:

1. Sharp Rise in Low-Level Arrests

Citywide arrests surged by 62% from 2021 to 2024 (pp. 9, 14). This was driven largely by low-level offenses:

  • Fare Evasion: Increased more than elevenfold (900 to 10,125 arrests) (p. 4).
  • Other Charges: Drug, trespass, and petit larceny arrests all approximately doubled citywide (pp. 4, 13).
  • Borough Leaders: Brooklyn saw the largest increase in misdemeanor (+88%) and nonviolent felony (+73%) arrests, while the Bronx saw the highest spike in violent felony arrests (+49%) (pp. 4, 13).

2. Disparate Prosecution Decisions

Whether a case is prosecuted depends heavily on the borough (pp. 6, 23):

  • The Bronx: Consistently held the highest “declination” rate (refusal to prosecute), declining 40% of misdemeanors and 25% of violent felonies in 2024 (pp. 5, 22-23).
  • Manhattan: Saw a massive shift under DA Alvin Bragg, with misdemeanor declinations rising from 6% in 2021 to 31% in 2024 (pp. 5, 22).
  • Other Boroughs: Queens, Brooklyn, and Staten Island declined significantly fewer cases, with Queens declining only 6% of misdemeanors in 2024 (pp. 5, 22).

3. Pretrial Release & Bail

The study found significant differences in how judges handle cases at arraignment (pp. 6, 31):

  • Bail Setting: Queens and Manhattan had the highest bail-setting rates for felonies (pp. 6, 31). In 2024, Manhattan judges set bail/remand in 53% of violent felony cases (p. 31).
  • Ability to Pay: By 2024, bail payment rates at arraignment were exceptionally low (4–6% for misdemeanors), meaning a bail order almost always resulted in immediate incarceration (pp. 6, 36).
  • Supervised Release: Judges citywide increasingly relied on supervised release over “Release on Recognizance” (ROR) for misdemeanors and nonviolent felonies (p. 33).

4. Convictions and Sentencing

  • Conviction Rates: Criminal convictions remain rare for misdemeanors (only 5% citywide in 2024) (pp. 7, 38). However, for indicted felonies, conviction rates were high, reaching 95% for violent felonies in Staten Island (pp. 7, 39).
  • Prison Sentences: There was wide variability in prison time for felonies. In 2024, 34% of convicted felony cases in Manhattan resulted in state prison sentences, compared to only 12% in Queens (pp. 7, 42).
  • Demographic Disparity: Even after controlling for charge and history, Black and Hispanic individuals were significantly more likely than white individuals to be sentenced to prison (p. 43).

Access the article webpage HERE

Ger a .PDF copy of the article HERE

Traffic Tickets Issued in New York State

Traffic Tickets Issued: Four Year Window

Data extracted from records of tickets on file with NYS DMV. The tickets were issued to motorists for violations of: NYS Vehicle & Traffic Law (VTL), Thruway Rules and Regulations, Tax Law, Transportation Law, Parks and Recreation Regulations, Local New York City Traffic Ordinances, and NYS Penal Law pertaining to the involvement of a motor vehicle in acts of assault, homicide, manslaughter and criminal negligence resulting in injury or death.

Read more HERE

This is the direct link to the data HERE